One of a great many medical
conditions that are characterized by episodes of
uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain (seizures).
Some seizure disorders are hereditary, but others are
caused by birth defects or environmental hazards, such as
lead poisoning. Seizure disorders are more likely to
develop in patients who have other neurological disorders,
psychiatric conditions, or immune-system problems. In some
cases, uncontrolled seizures can cause brain damage,
lowered intelligence, and permanent mental and physical
impairment. Diagnosis is by observation, neurological
examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), and in some cases
more advanced brain imaging techniques. Treatment is
usually by medication, although in difficult cases a
special diet or brain surgery may be tried.
See also
epilepsy, seizure types and specific seizure disorders:
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Ramsey Hunt syndrome, seizure.
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