A nephrectomy can be radical, simple, or partial. The kidney, the adrenal gland, nearby lymph nodes, and other surrounding
tissue are removed in a radical nephrectomy. Simple nephrectomy is the removal of just the affected kidney. Partial nephrectomy removes the tumor from the kidney, but spares
the rest of the kidney.
The first reported removal of a kidney was done by the
German surgeon Gustav Simon (1824-77). The operation was considered a success
because the patient lived. The first nephrectomy had, in fact, been done a year
earlier by a Canadian physician, William
Hingston, who did not report it, perhaps because the patient died.
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