Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx, the portion of
the airway (respiratory tra ct) containing the vocal cords. The larynx is about
two inches long and is located between the pharynx and the trachea. Its outer wall
consists of cartilage and forms the structure we refer to as the “Adam’s apple.”
Since the vocal cords are contained within the larynx, people with laryngitis often
speak hoarsely or may be unable to speak louder than a whisper.
Inflammation of the larynx is most often caused by viral infections. In these
cases, other symptoms, such as sore throat, cough, difficulty swallowing, and fever
generally occur. The voice changes may persist after the fever and other symptoms
of acute infection have resolved.
Laryngitis can also occur as a result of irritation to the vocal cords. People
such as singers, cheerleaders, or even small children after bouts of screaming may
find that they become hoarse or speak with a “gravelly” voice after prolonged overuse.
Environmental causes of irritation of the airway that can result in inflammation
of the larynx include exposure to tobacco smoke or other chemicals.
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