< b>Kanner syndrome: (Also called autism). A spectrum of neuropsychiatric
disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication, and
unusual and repetitive behavior. Some, but not all, people with autism are non-verbal.
Autism is normally diagnosed before age six and may be diagnosed in infancy in
some cases. The degree of autism varies from mild to severe in different children.
Severely afflicted patients can appear profoundly retarded.
The cause (or causes) of autism are not yet fully understood. However, it is
believed that at least some cases involve an inherited or acquired genetic defect.
Researchers have proposed that the immune-system, metabolic, and environmental factors
may play an important part as well. It is not caused by emotional trauma, as was
once theorized.
Autism or autistic-like behavior may co-occur with many other neurological conditions.
The optimal treatment of autism involves an educational program that is suited
to the child's developmental level.
Kanner syndrome (i.e., autism) is also called infantile autism. See also Asperger
syndrome, elective mutism, Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Rett syndrome.
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