< b>Diaphragmatic hernia: Passage of a loop of bowel through the diaphragm
muscle. This type of hernia occurs as the bowel from the abdomen "herniates" upward
through the diaphragm into the chest (thoracic) cavity.
Diaphragmatic hernias may be congenital or acquired. Congenital diaphragmatic
hernias are present at birth. They occur because of abnormal development of the
embryo. Acquired diaphragmatic hernias are usually caused by traumatic injury.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernias most often occur to the back and sides of the
diaphragm (more often on the left side than the right). Herniation in the front
of the diaphragm is rare.
Diaphragmatic hernias can lead to protrusion of bowels into the chest cavity.
Abnormal development of bowels and other organs may be associated and collapse of
portions of the lungs can occur.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernias generally require surgical correction as ultimate
treatment. Acquired diaphragmatic hernias may require operation, depending on the
size and symptoms.
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