A syndrome featuring a combination of "H"
for
hemolysis (the breakdown of red blood cells), "EL" for elevated liver
enzymes, and "LP" for low platelet count (an essential blood clotting
element).
The HELLP syndrome is a recognized complication of preeclampsia
and eclampsia (toxemia) of pregnancy, occurring in 25% of these
pregnancies.
Common symptoms in women with the HELLP syndrome include a general
feeling of feeling unwell (malaise), nausea and/or vomiting, and pain
in the upper abdomen. Increased fluid in the tissues (edema) is also
frequent. Protein is measurable in the urine of most women with the
HELLP syndrome. Blood pressure may be elevated. Occasionally, coma
can result from seriously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
The first order of treatment of HELLP syndrome is management of
the blood clotting issues. Urgent delivery is required if the growth of the fetus is restricted, Delivery is also required if the syndrome develops after 34 weeks' gestation, if the fetus' lungs are mature, or if the mother's health is in jeopardy.
After delivery, the mother's status is monitored closely.
The HELLP syndrome can be complicated by liver rupture, anemia,
bleeding, and death.
The HELLP syndrome can also develop during the early period after
delivery of a baby.
Women with a history of HELLP syndrome are considered at increased
risk for complications in future pregnancies.
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