A drug that causes hallucinations (profound distortions
in a person's perceptions of reality). Under the influence of hallucinogens, people
see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that seem real but do not exist. Some
hallucinogens also produce rapid, intense emotional swings. Hallucinogens cause
their effects by disrupting the interaction of nerve cells and the neurotransmitter
serotonin. Distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord, the serotonin system
is involved in the control of behavioral, perceptual, and regulatory systems, including
mood, hunger, body temperature, sexual behavior, muscle control, and sensory perception.
LSD (an abbreviation of the German words for "lysergic acid diethylamide") is
the drug most commonly identified with the term "hallucinogen" and the most widely
used in this class of drugs. It is considered the typical hallucinogen, and the
characteristics of its action and effects apply to the other hallucinogens, including
mescaline, psilocybin, and ibogaine.
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