A condition characterized by hemolytic anemia (bre akup of red
blood cells) after eating fava beans (Vicia fava) or being exposed to the pollen
of the fava plant. This dangerous reaction occurs exclusively in people with a deficiency
of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), an X-linked genetic trait.
However, not all G6PD-deficient families appear at risk for favism, indicating the
additional need for a single autosomal (not X-linked) gene to create the susceptibility
to favism of G6PD-deficient persons. The active hemolytic principle in fava beans
is > likely DOPA-quinone. Differences in susceptibility to favism may be related
to differences in the enzymatic system that converts L-DOPA to DOPA-quinone.
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