Cephalothoracic lipodystrophy definition - medical term
A disorder characterized by painless symmetrical
diffuse deposits of fat beneath the skin of the neck, upper trunk, arms and legs.
T he condition is thought to be genetic although its exact mode of inheritance
is uncertain; it may be a mitochondrial DNA disease. It frequently appears in association
with alcoholic liver disease, macrocytic anemia ("low blood" with big red blood
cells) and peripheral neuropathy (disease of the peripheral nervous system, as opposed
to the brain and spinal cord). The peripheral neuropathy has often been laid to
alcoholism, but the neuropathy is likely an integral part of the syndrome.
This disorder affects mainly men and is more frequent in the Mediterranean area.
It has been suggested that the distribution of fat in cephalothoracic lipodystrophy
resembles that of a pre-Roman (6th century BC) Italic statue called the Capestrano
warrior discovered in the Abruzzi region of Italy.
Cephalothoracic lipodystrophy is also known as multiple symmetrical lipomatosis,
the Launois-Bensaude syndrome and Madelung disease. It was called 'fat neck' (Fetthals)
by Madelung in 1888.
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