A dist inctive syndrome of headaches, also known
as cluster headache or migrainous neuralgia. The common pattern of cluster headache
is termed "episodic" and is characterized by 1-3 short attacks of pain each day
around the eyes, clustered over a stretch of 1-2 months, followed by a pain- free
breathing period (average: a year). The other main pattern of cluster headache is
termed "chronic" (and is also known as chronic migrainous neuralgia). It may come
out of the blue or emerge several years after an episodic pattern. It is characterized
by the absence of sustained periods of remission. The episodic and acute forms of
cluster headache may transform into the other, so it seems that they are merely
different-appearing patterns of one and the same disease. On the other hand, cluster
headache looks different and distinct from migraine-for example, propranolol is
effective for migraine but not cluster headache while lithium benefits cluster headache
syndrome but not migraine-although the mechanisms underlying cluster headache and
migraine may have a degree of commonality. Cluster headache has gone by a bevy of
other names including Raeder's syndrome, sphenopalatine neuralgia, ciliary neuralgia,
erythroprosopalgia and vidian neuralgia.
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