A venous catheter used for hemodialysis (dialysis
of the blood). A hemodialysis catheter is a type of central venous catheter. It
may be inserted into the subclavian, internal jugular, or femoral veins. Subclavian
catheters generally may be used for 2 to 6 weeks. Hemodialysis catheters are often
for relatively short-term use because of an acute need for dialysis or because chronic
dialysis is just starting.
L ong-term access for hemodialysis may be provided by subcutaneous arteriovenous
fistulas in which an artery (the radial artery) is surgically anastomosed (connected)
to a vein (the cephalic vein). However, after this procedure is done, it takes 6
to 8 weeks for the forearm veins to dilate and arterialize to be suitable for repeated
puncture and hence for long-term hemodialysis.
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