A protein hormone produced and secreted exclusively by adipocytes
(fat cells) that regulates the metabolism of lipids and glucose. Adiponectin influences
the body's response to insulin. Adiponectin also has antiinflammatory effects on
the cells lining the walls of blood vessels.
H igh blood levels of adiponectin are associated with a reduced risk of heart
attack. Low levels of adiponectin are found in people who are obese (and who are
at increased risk of a heart attack).
Adipocytes produce and secrete a number of proteins, including leptin, adipsin,
properdin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). An adipose tissue-specific factor was
isolated and termed APM1 (
A
di
P
ose
M
ost abundant gene transcript
1
). The protein product of APM1 is adiponectin. The APM1 gene maps to chromosome
3q27.
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