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the who, what, when and how of Addison disease
< b>Addison disease: Long-term underfunction of the outer portion of the
adrenal gland. In medical terms, chronic insufficiency of the adrenal cortex. This
may be due to a number of different insults to the adrenal including physical trauma,
hemorrhage, and tuberculosis of the adrenal, and destruction of the cells in the
pituitary gland that secrete ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) which normally drives
the adrenal. Addison's disease is characterized by bronzing of the skin, anemia,
weakness, and low blood pressure. The U.S. President J.F. Kennedy is said to have
had Addison disease. Named after the British physician Thomas Addison (1793-1860).When
Addison first identified adrenal insufficiency in 1849, tuberculosis (TB) was responsible
for 70-90% of cases. As the treatment for TB improved, the incidence of adrenal
insufficiency due to TB of the adrenal glands greatly decreased. TB now accounts
for around 20% of cases of primary adrenal insufficiency in developed countries.
Common Misspellings: addison diease, addison desease
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