The body's initial reaction to infection by the HIV
virus. Acute HIV infection is a flu-like syndrome that occurs immediately after
a person contracts HIV (the human immunodeficiency virus 1, the agent that causes
AIDS). The syndrome is characterized by fever, sore throat, headache, skin rash
and swollen glands (lymphadenopathy).
This syndrome precedes seroconversion -- the development of detectable antibodies
to HIV in the blood as a result of the infection. It normally takes several weeks
to several months for antibodies to the virus to develop after HIV transmission.
When antibodies to HIV appear in the blood, a person will test positive in the standard
ELISA test for HIV.
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