The active acceleration of a "good" death by use of
drugs etc, whether by oneself or with the aid of a doctor.
The word "euthanasia" comes from the Greek -- "eu" meaning "goodly or well" +
"thanatos" meaning "death." So, euthanasia is literally the "good death."
In 18th-century England, that was what euthanasia meant, a "good" death,
a welcome way to depart quietly and well from life. Today the most commonly understood
meaning of euthanasia is more than this old dictionary definition of dying well
a good and easy death. Euthanasia refers, for example, to the situation when a doctor
induces the death with a lethal injection, of a patient who is suffering unrelievably
and has persistently requested the doctor to do so.
Suicide, whether irrational or rational, for unrelated reasons is not euthanasia.
Nor is euthanasia the forced killing of another person.
The Netherlands is currently the only country in the world in which euthanasia
is openly and legally practiced. There, euthanasia and assisted suicide are defined
by the State Commission on Euthanasia. Euthanasia is the intentional termination
of life by somebody other than the person concerned at his or her request. Assisted
suicide means intentionally helping a patient to terminate his or her life at his
or her request. Euthanasia is the termination of life by a doctor at the express
wish of a patient. The request to the doctor must be voluntary, explicit and carefully
considered and it must have been made repeatedly. Moreover, the patient's suffering
must be unbearable and without any prospect of improvement.
Pain relief administered by a Dutch doctor may shorten a patient's life. As is
the case in other countries, this is seen as a normal medical decision in terminal
care and not as euthanasia.
Conclusion: Euthanasia is a matter of continuing controversy, a tinderbox
for debate, an issue on which positions range widely and include enthusiastic advocacy
of euthanasia, guarded acceptance of euthanasia, outright rejection of euthanasia,
and vehement condemnation of euthanasia, equating it with murder, genocide, or worse.
But who knows? Euthanasia is an area in which honest people may still differ.
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