Loca lized skin inflammation as a result of overactivity of the
oil glands at the base of hair follicles. Acne happens when oil (sebaceous) glands
come to life around puberty, when these glands are stimulated by male hormones that
are produced in the adrenal glands of both boys and girls.
The oil glands, which are located just beneath the skin, continuously produce
and secrete oil through openings in the skin. The oil lubricates and protects the
skin. Under certain circumstances, cells that are close to the openings of the oil
glands block the openings. This causes a buildup of oil underneath the skin.
Bacteria, which live in everyone's skin but generally mind their own business,
feast on this oil, multiply, and cause the surrounding tissues to become inflamed.
If the inflammation is right near the surface, you get a pustule; if it's deeper,
a papule (pimple); deeper still and it's a cyst. If the oil breaks though to the
surface, the result is a " whitehead." If the oil becomes oxidized (that is, acted
on by oxygen in the air), the oil changes from white to black, and the result is
a "blackhead."
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