exemption from penalties, payments or legal requirements, granted by authorities
or statutes. Generally there are three types of immunity at law a) a promise not
to prosecute for a crime in exchange for information or testimony in a criminal
matter, granted by the prosecutors, a judge, a grand jury or an investigating legislative
committee; b) public officials' protection from liability for their decisions (like
a city manager or member of a public hospital board); c) governmental (or sovereign)
immunity, which protects government agencies from lawsuits unless the government
agreed to be sued; d) diplomatic immunity which excuses foreign ambassadors from
most U. S. criminal laws.
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