certain written communications which can be kept confidential and need not be disclosed
in court as evidence, answered by a witness either in depositions or trial, or provided
to the parties to a lawsuit or their attorneys. This is based on the inherent private
relationship between the person communicating and the confidant's occupation or
relationship to him/her. They include communications between husband and wife, lawyer
and client, physician or other medical person (most therapists) and patient, minister
or priest and parishioner (or anyone seeking spiritual help), and journalist and
source in some states. Moral conflicts may arise when a murderer or child molester
confesses to his/her priest, who is pledged to silence and confidentiality by his
priestly vows and cannot reveal the confession in legal cases.
See also attorney-client privilege privileged communication
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